Blu-ray ISOs: what ISO standard?

[dudechill8D]

I'm wanting to package blu-ray backups into ISOs like I can with DVDs, and by now I understand that I will have to do that outside of MakeMKV.

After some googling, I learned that DVDs usually use the ISO 9660 standard. I assume this standard is preserved when MakeMKV makes a backup? Somewhere along my journey I think I saw that DVDs are encrypted on a filesystem level, not a file level. (but idk what I'm talking about)

I run linux and was looking at the xorrisofs command line tool and it says that it makes "Rock Ridge enhanced" images that add support for POSIX features such as file permissions, which I don't see making any sense in the context of a movie disk. I also came across something that says most blu-rays use the Universal Disk Format (UDF).

My questions are
- How do I know what filesystem standard the blu-ray I'm ripping uses? (or will it always be UDF?)
- I know windows users have ImgBurn. Is there a known easy-to-use linux equivalent that will let me write UDF isos without adding extra stuff like file permissions?

I learned that I should probably not include the MAKEMKV folder in the iso. (I am decrypting it when ripping. I will probably still keep it somewhere) I assume the blu-ray standard is compatible with content that is not encrypted.

Call me nitpicky, I won't argue with you. I simply want to conform to blu-ray standards and norms just for the sake of it. I guess it's an instinct to archive with painful levels of precision. But if anyone knows the answers to these questions, or my questions are just too dumb and ignorant, I'd love to hear it!

[Rojma]

Using ImgBurn takes all of the guess work out of it and is very easy to use. If using Linux, you can run ImgBurn via Wine or a Docker container.

FYI ISO 9660 is an optical media format so it's not related to anything with what MakeMKV does (except when backing up a DVD since MakeMKV backs up DVDs directly as ISOs). ImgBurn usually automatically detects what the media type should be based on the content. For Blu-Ray content, including UHD, it should automatically switch it to UDF 2.5.

Also I always include the MakeMKV folder. Is it needed? No, but there's no harm in including it (at least in my experience I have never had a problem including it).

[dudechill8D]

Ok, good things to know. I will consider using ImgBurn, although some more research and apparently K3B is a pretty feature complete linux alternative? no auto detection, but it does seem to give me an option for UDF. I will try it and use ImgBurn if it doesn't work out.

Also I always include the MakeMKV folder. Is it needed? No, but there's no harm in including it (at least in my experience I have never had a problem including it).

I am also inclined to keep it in some form, because I can theoretically use it to revert to the encrypted version. But I found a thread that said including it can break VLC and an admin recommended not including it. I will probably end up zipping up the folder separately for maximum compatability across all blu-ray players, unless there is a good reason I should keep them together. viewtopic.php?t=22790

It seems like I'm not totally misunderstanding what iso formats to use, so thank you for the clarification. This is a first for me, so I wanted to be sure that I wasn't starting off on the wrong foot.

[Rojma]

I’ve played 100s of backed up ISOs withe MakeMkv folder in it with VLC and never had an issue. Why would it? That folder isn’t part of the DVD/Blu-Ray spec so why would VLC even look at it? I would be interested to read the thread where you saw this for more information.